Global
warming is the increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere, ocean,
and land earth. Symptoms of the earth's surface temperature increases due to
the increase in the intensity of the greenhouse effect, global warming issue
arises because it has a huge impact to the world and the lives of living beings,
namely climate change and sea level rise. Global average temperature at the
earth's surface has increased by 0.74 ° C ± 0:18 ( 1:33 ± 0:32 ° F ) over the
last hundred years. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC )
concluded that, " the majority of the increase in global mean temperature
since the mid - 20th century, most likely caused by increased concentrations of
greenhouse gases due to human activity through the greenhouse effect.
So with the increasing intensity of the greenhouse effect caused by an increase in kadargas greenhouse (GHG) such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone, methane, CFCs, and others that are in the air. Increasing global temperature will cause changes such as rising sea levels, increased intensity of extreme weather phenomena, as well as changes in the amount and pattern of precipitation (drop in water from the atmosphere, such as rain, snow). Consequences of global warming include its impact on agricultural output, loss of glaciers and the extinction of various animal species. Most governments in the world have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol, aimed at reducing emissions of greenhouse gases.
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( UNFCCC or FCCC ), aimed at fighting global warming. The UNFCCC is an international environmental treaty with the goal of achieving " stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. " The Kyoto Protocol was initially adopted on 11 December 1997 in Kyoto, Japan and entered into force on February 16, 2005. In April 2010, 191 countries have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol .
The ozone layer is a layer in the atmosphere at an altitude of 19-48 km ( 12-30 miles) above the Earth's surface that contain molecules of ozone. The concentration of ozone in this layer reaches 10 pm and is formed under the influence of the Sun 's ultraviolet rays to oxygen molecules. These events have occurred since millions of years ago, but a mixture of nitrogen molecules in the atmosphere arising keep ozone concentrations are relatively stable. Ozone is a toxic gas that when positioned near the soil surface would be dangerous if inhaled and can damage the lungs.
The ozone hole is actually the term figuratively. In the early 1980s, researchers working in Antarctica detected a periodic loss of ozone above 5 continents. Called state of the ozone hole (an area of thin ozone in the ozone layer) is formed while in the Antarctic spring and continues for several months before returning to thicken. Studies conducted with balloons at high altitude and weather satellites show that the overall percentage of ozone in the Antarctic is actually declining
Global Warming Impacts :
1. Start Unstable Climate
Began unstable climate is one of the impacts of global warming. Global warming may cause sea level rise due to melting at the poles, changes in wind patterns, increased storm atmosphere, increasing the type and population of disease-causing organisms that have an impact on public health. In addition, the impact of global warming that could lead to changes in rainfall patterns and the hydrological cycle. Examples of the impact of global warming is in July that should already be in the summer or dry, but that happens is still a high level of rainfall.
2. Increasing Sea Level
Rising sea levels is one of the impacts of global warming. Various studies on climate change shows there has been a rise in sea level of 1 to 2 meters in the last 100 years. Add to the volume of sea water is due to both poles of the earth are melting. The melting of the poles of the earth due to global warming.
3. Impact of Social, Economic and Political
The impact of global warming that is happening in the social sectors, economic and political. Floods, forest fires and hurricanes becana, bringing huge losses for the country. These disasters have social impacts such as changes in livelihood, particularly in agricultural areas akiabat climate change is causing a lack of harvest. This causes farmers seek other livelihoods that do not depend on climate, thus causing massive urbanization. These disasters occur as a result of the impact of global warming.
4. Water Resources
The impact of global warming is the next water resource shortages. Temperature changes caused by climate change, causing changes in rainfall and vegetation caused a shift in upstream areas. This then affects the availability of surface water and groundwater runoff.
5. Cyclone Tropical Cyclone
Cyclone tropical cyclone is one of the impacts of global warming. According to the UN Relief Coordinator Jan Egeland, said that the destructive cyclone American life and has been going since 1960 is the result of global warming. This statement is reinforced by a number of other scientists who say that the cyclone tropical cyclone formed over the sea as a result of the turmoil caused by the temperature rise due to global warming.
6. Public Health
Last namely the impact of global warming on public health. Transmission of infectious diseases is strongly influenced by climatic factors and temperature parasites and vectors of disease are extremely sensitive to climatic factors, especially on temperature and humidity. Types of tropical diseases that are transmitted through vectors such as malaria, dengue fever and elephantiasis disease is increasing. In Indonesia these diseases that originally occurred in low-lying areas, may in future spread in mountainous areas cold air. This can occur as a result of global warming, so it turned into a hot temperature.
The cause of Global Warming:
1. Carbon dioxide pollution from fossil fuel power plants
Our increasing dependence on electricity from fossil fuel power plants make the increasing release of carbon dioxide gas combustion into the atmosphere. Approximately 40% of global carbon dioxide pollution, comes from the US electricity production. This requirement will continue to increase every day. Apparently, the business use of energy alternative to fossil should be immediately implemented. However, there are still many of us are reluctant to do this.
2. Methane from livestock and agriculture.
Methane is second only to carbon dioxide that causes the greenhouse effect. Methane gas can came from organic materials that are broken down by bacteria in conditions of oxygen deficiency, for example dipersawahan. This process can also occur in the intestines of livestock, and with the increasing number of livestock population, resulting in increased production of methane gas that is released into the Earth's atmosphere .
3. Activities felling of trees
The frequent use of wood from the tree as a raw material to make the number of trees we are increasingly reduced. Moreover, as a forest of trees we grow increasingly narrow due converted into plantations such as palm oil. In fact, a very important forest functions as the lungs of the world and can be used to recycle the carbon dioxide released in the earth's atmosphere.
4. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers
In the period of the last half of the 20th century, the use of chemical fertilizers to the agricultural world increased rapidly. Most of these chemical fertilizers made from nitrogenoksida is 300 times more potent than carbon dioxide as a heat trap, so it would heat the earth. Another result is that chemical fertilizers seep into the ground can contaminate the sources of our drinking water.
Global Warming Countermeasures Solution
Experiences to the impact of global warming and the greenhouse impact not only how alternative energy can be created / made yet regarding how human behavior in the use of energy in everyday life . Namely by making changes in the daily biological patterns .
Such changes can be done easily , with the Three R are: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle (reduce, reuse, and recycle) is a campaign of Professor Wahanagari Maatai as Environment Minister Hayati Kenya. He got his Nobel in order to efforts for creating world harmony between humans and the environment .
Here is a small portion clue how we make slow the impact of global warming by reducing carbon emissions in daily life .
1. nan bare reforestation and planting trees that absorb carbon dioxide, especially reforestation of tropical forests. Pengijauan activities referred to also do reforestation.
2. Do not use plastic bags. Plastic is one of the types of materials nan difficult to unravel. Usually nan containing polyethylene plastic in order to decompose in the soil takes approximately 1000 years.
3. Turn off electronic devices when not in use. Some ways nan can be done is to reduce the use of air conditioning can result in wasted energy nan with very large and can emit gases with very large emissions. Turn off lights and other electronic goods such as televisions, radios, computers, etc. when not in use.
4. Minimize nan household waste is not environmentally friendly, such as the use of plastic, stryrofoam, and other types of waste is difficult nan nan described in a short period of time.
5. More nan wise in choosing products purchased from the store. Besides choosing nan products are environmentally friendly and easily recyclable, select all the great nan packaging so as not to add to household waste nan unnecessary.
6. Avoid littering, let alone to the times, rivers, and other biological environment nan potentially provide air and water availability for human life.
7. Ensuring environmental hygiene, whether the home environment and the general environment. Make the biological environment as a workshop for shelter so we always want to keep it hygienic and comfortable when occupied.
8. Perform various efforts made to get nan clean air and water, as do water distillation using natural materials nan simple and not lead to the emergence of new litter.
In addition to maintaining the cleanliness of the environment and natural resources nan there is, of course, we also have to take care of ourselves in order to avoid an ugly result nan deadly pollution.
Here are some solutions nan can do for making a healthy body at the same time tackling global warming consequence for human life on this earth.
1. Sports nan routine will make the body more healthy and fit. Therefore, every morning for exercise ragalah can get clean air nan.
2. Use the epilogue nose while on the road in order to avoid air pollution nan can make the lungs become damaged.
3. Eat foods and healthy and organic, and always drink water in sufficient doses nan (at least 8 glasses a day).
4. Avoid exhaust and cigarette smoke nan potentially harm our body with the possibility of cancer triggers nan substance contained in the fumes.
5. Do the operation after each ant social activities.
Sumber:http://www.binasyifa.com/519/44/26/solusi-penanggulangan-pemanasan-global.htm
